An operating system is made up of different components that each carry out specific tasks. Although the majority of operating systems have different physical structures, logically, they share many of the same components. Each component of a system must be a clearly defined part that accurately defines the inputs, outputs and functions.
Process Management
A program in execution is called process. To complete its task, a process requires a variety of resources such as memory, CPU time, files, and I/O devices. The Operating System's multiple processes that are running concurrently are managed by the process management component.
In OS, functions of process management are communication
& synchronization mechanisms, creation and deletion of process etc.
Main Memory Management
Memory is made up of a huge collection of words or bytes, each with a unique address. Computer programs are always load in the main memory for execution.
Since main memory is a volatile storage medium, its contents
are lost in the event of a system crash or as soon as the system loses power.
Secondary Storage Management
Any location where
data is permanently stored and easily retrievable by the user is considered a
secondary storage area. Your files and programs are primarily stored on the
hard drive of your computer.
I/O Device Management
One important application of an operating system is to conceal from the user, the variations of specific hardware devices. The I/O system controls various I/O devices, including the keyboard, mouse, printer and monitor among others.
File Management
A system software which gives service for the use of files. A file is described by the person who created it as a collection of related information. Data, source and object forms, and programs are the main types of files. Any type of data file, including alphanumeric, numeric, and alphabetic, is acceptable.
In term of file management, OS is responsible of file
creation, file backup and deletion.
Security Management
There are a number of mechanisms that can be used to achieve this goal, ensuring that only processes with the appropriate operating system authorization are allowed to access files, memory segments, CPUs, and other resources.
Network Management
The process of overseeing and managing a computer network is known as network management. A computer network is a collection of different computer types that are interconnected.
Fault analysis, service level management, network
provisioning, and performance management are all parts of network management.
Command Interpreter System
The interface between user and operating system is called command interpreter. The command interpreter plays a pivotal role in the functionality of an operating system. A user command is executed by the Command Interpreter System by calling one or more underlying system calls.
Control statements provide the OS with many commands. A program that comprehends and processes control statements is executed automatically.
To sum it up, the
different components of an operating system, all work together to make our
computers run smoothly. By knowing about
these components, we can ensure our technology works better and helps us in our
daily tasks.
